Precautions for Clamping Workpieces on CNC Lathes

The CNC lathe processing procedure is similar to a general lathe, but the CNC lathe continuously clamps to automatically complete all turning processes. Therefore, attention must be paid to the following points: First, proper tool selection: (1) For rough turning, select tools with high strength and good durability to meet the requirements of rough turning in terms of large feed rates. (2) For fine turning, select tools with high precision and good durability to ensure processing accuracy requirements are met. (3) To reduce blade change time and facilitate blade inspection, try to use multi-blade cutters and cutting tools. Proper selection of cutting amount: Whether the cutting amount is properly selected is crucial to fully utilize the lathe's potential and the tool's cutting efficiency to achieve high quality, high efficiency, low cost, and safe operation. For rough turning, first consider selecting the maximum possible feed rate, then choose a higher feed rate, and finally determine the appropriate cutting speed. Increasing the feed rate can reduce the number of passes. Increasing the feed rate also helps chip breaking. Therefore, according to the above principles, selecting the rough turning cutting amount facilitates production efficiency improvement, reduces tool usage, and lowers processing costs. For fine turning, the requirements for processing accuracy and surface smoothness are higher, and the processed components are fewer and more uniform. Therefore, when selecting the fine turning cutting amount, it is necessary to consider how to guarantee processing quality and, on this basis, try to improve efficiency. Thus, for fine turning, choose smaller feed rates and cutting amounts (but not too small) and select high-performance cutting materials and appropriate geometric parameters to maximize cutting speed. Second, proper selection of clamping devices: (1) Try to select general clamping devices to hold the workpiece and avoid using special clamping devices. (2) Align the workpiece positioning reference points to reduce positioning errors. Third, determining the processing path refers to the CNC lathe processing procedure, the movement path, and the relative direction of the tool parts: (1) It can guarantee processing accuracy and surface roughness requirements. (2) Try to shorten the processing distance and reduce the tool's idle movement time. Fourth, the relationship between the processing path and the processing components: Currently, CNC lathes are not yet widely used. Generally, additional components should be set on the rough workpiece, especially components with forging, casting, or hard casting, which are arranged for processing on general lathes. If processing with a CNC lathe is required, attention must be paid to flexible program arrangement.